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原子發射光譜儀需要用強大的能量去氣化，并激發 ， 原子外層電子被激發后，返回較低能態就會產生發射光譜。所以原子發射首先需要激發源，比如電火花、激光、等離子體等，使原子氣化，再被激發。
Atomic emission requires a strong energy to gasification, and excited, the outer electrons are excited, return to the lower energy state will produce emission spectra. So the atomic emission first need to stimulate the source, such as electric spark, laser, plasma, etc., so that the atomic gasification, and then be excited.
原子熒光是用該原子的特征光去激發原子外層電子，顯然光能比等離子體的能量弱很多，但是現在因為使用空心陰極燈，大大提高了光的能量，而且是銳線光，使部分元素的激發變得容易了許多，因此原子熒光可以比較容易滴應用到汞、砷、硒這一類低沸點元素上。然后被激發的原子外層電子返回低能態，產生發射光譜，這個發射光譜和原子發射光譜是一樣的，但是因為是被光激發出來的光，是一種二次發光，所以被稱作熒光。 為了避免被一次光(激發光)干擾，熒光的檢測器都是設在光路的直角方向。 比較特別的，X-射線原子熒光，激發的是內層電子，產生空穴，外層電子進去補空時，發射出X-射線原子熒光，因為X-射線不可以用普通石英玻璃去做光窗，一般會使用某些金屬片做窗戶，比如鈹。
Atomic fluorescence was excited with the characteristics of the outer electrons of the atoms atoms of light to light, obviously than the plasma energy is much weaker, but now because of the use of hollow cathode lamp, greatly improve the light energy, and sharp lines of light, the excitation of some elements much easier, so the atomic fluorescence can be easily applied to drop mercury, arsenic and selenium in the low boiling point element. Atomic outer electron is excited and then return to the ground state, the emission spectrum, emission spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy is the same, but because it is excited by light from light, is one of the two light, so called fluorescence. In order to avoid being disturbed by a light (Ji Faguang), the fluorescence detector is located in the right angle direction of the optical path. In particular, X- ray atomic fluorescence excitation is the inner electrons, generated hole, outer electrons in fill empty, X- ray emit atomic fluorescence, because X- ray do light window with ordinary quartz glass, usually use some sheet metal for windows, such as beryllium.
所以兩個光譜法的區別就是：
So the difference between the two methods is:
發射光譜 —— 熒光光譜
Emission spectrum, fluorescence spectrum
1 光源 ： 復雜的激發裝置 ------- 空心陰極燈
1 source: excitation device - hollow cathode lamp complex
2 氣化 ： 與激發裝置相同 ------- 直接揮發或者產生氫化物
2: gasification hydride and excitation device of the same, or direct evaporation
3 光路 ： 直線光路 ——— 直角光路
3 light path: straight line optical path
4 光柵： 需要單色器 —— 無需單色器
4: the need for monochromator without grating monochromator
